the city and the temple, dedicating it to jupiter, the patron god of the city of rome. for many jews, this was an abomination worthy of divine vengeance. >> the political expectations of apocalyptic did not simply die out after the first revolt. some people, both within christian tradition and within jewish tradition, still expected a cataclysmic event to bring a new kingdom on earth soon. >> ( dramatized ): behold, the days are coming, and it will happen when the time of the world has ripened and the harvest of the seed of the evil ones and the good ones has come." >> within 60 years after the first revolt, there would arise a new rebellion. we typically call this the "second jewish revolt against rome," or the bar kokhba revolt. and it's named after a famous rebel leader who really becomes the central figure of this new political period. he's called bar kokhba. >> bar kokhba was a pseudo messiah, supported by large segments of the population. he claimed to be a descendent of king david. he claimed to be the messiah himself, and was supported by none other than one of